# Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates. # All rights reserved. # # This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the # LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. import sys import time from functools import partial from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union from warnings import warn import torch from omegaconf import DictConfig, ListConfig from torch import nn from torch.distributed import destroy_process_group, init_process_group from torch.optim import Optimizer from torch.utils.data import DataLoader, DistributedSampler from torchtune import config, modules, training, utils from torchtune.config._utils import _get_component_from_path from torchtune.data import padded_collate_packed from torchtune.datasets import ConcatDataset from torchtune.modules.common_utils import slice_str_to_array from torchtune.modules.early_exit_loss import early_exit_loss, EarlyExitCurriculum from torchtune.modules.layer_dropout import prepare_layer_dropout from torchtune.recipe_interfaces import FTRecipeInterface from torchtune.training import DummyProfiler, PROFILER_KEY from torchtune.training.activations import apply_selective_activation_checkpointing from torchtune.training.lr_schedulers import get_lr from tqdm import tqdm log = utils.get_logger("DEBUG") class EarlyExitFinetuneRecipeDistributed(FTRecipeInterface): """ Early exit and layer dropout full finetuning to make the model more robust to early exit and skipping intermediate layers for dense transformer-based LLMs such as Llama2. This recipe supports distributed training and can be run on a single node (1 to 8 GPUs). Features: - Early Exit Loss. This makes the model more robust to exiting early by applying the outputs of intermediate layers on the model's language model head (a.k.a. unembedding operation) to obtain outputs of earlier layers, then obtain the losses at such earlier layers. Then the loss of the model during training would be a weighted average of the losses at different layers. The different arguments you can configure are: - ``early_exit_loss.layers`` is a string, whose format mimics indexing in numpy arrays (e.g., `:` depicts all layers, `0:10:3` depicts layers 0, 3, 6, 9, and `1,5,11` depicts layers 1,5,11), to represent which layers to apply early exit loss at, - ``early_exit_loss.scale_fn`` and ``early_exit_loss.scale`` determine how we calculate the weights of losses at different layers when calculating total loss, and - ``early_exit_loss.curriculum`` depicts how the early exit loss layers change across training iterations. See ``torchtune/modules/early_exit_loss.py` for more details of each argument. To reproduce experiments of different papers that use early exit loss: - LayerSkip (https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.16710) for finetuning on TOPv2: set ``early_exit_loss.scale=1.0, early_exit_loss.curriculum=torchtune.modules.early_exit_loss.GradualEarlyExitCurriculum early_exit_loss.scale_fn=torchtune.modules.early_exit_loss.linear_l_loss_scale``, - LITE (https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.18581) for finetuning Llama2 7B on Alpaca you can set ``early_exit_loss.layers=8,12,16,20,24,28 early_exit_loss.scale_fn=torchtune.modules.early_exit_loss.uniform_loss_scale``. - Layer Dropout. (a.k.a. Stochastic Depth) This drops samples stochastically for each layer during training. "Dropping" a sample at a layer in this context means a sample will pass through the layer without modification. The different arguments you can configure are: - ``layer_dropout.prob``: is the (maximum) probability of a sample being dropped at each layer. - ``layer_dropout.layers``: is a string, whose format mimics indexing in numpy arrays (same as ``early_exit_loss.layers``), that determines which layers will have layer dropout applied. - ``layer_dropout.layers_scale``: determines how probability changes across layers from probability 0 at first layer, to probability ``layer_dropout.prob`` at last layer. You can choose from ``one`` (all layers have ``layer_dropout.prob``), ``linear``, ``exp``, ``log``, ``sqrt``. - ``disable_on_eval``: if True, will only apply layer dropout during training. If False, will apply to both training and evaluation. To reproduce results of different papers that use layer dropout: - LayerDrop (https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11556) that applies dropout on every other layer, set ``layer_dropout.prob=0.2 layer_dropout.layers=1::2``. - Progressive Layer Dropping (https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.13369) that increases dropout linearly across layers, set ``layer_dropout.prob=0.5 layer_dropout.layers_scale=linear``. The paper also implements a curriculum for layer drop probability which is not yet implemented. - LayerSkip (https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.16710) for finetuning on TOPv2: (in addition to early exit loss arguments above) set ``layer_dropout.prob=0.2 layer_dropout.scale=exp``. - FSDP. Supported using PyTorch's FSDP APIs. CPU offload of parameters, gradients, and optimizer states is supported via ``fsdp_cpu_offload``. Resharding of parameters after the forward pass is done by default (corresponding to FULL_SHARD sharding strategy), but can be disabled by setting the config ``fsdp_reshard_after_forward`` to False (this corresponds to SHARD_GRAD_OP sharding strategy). DDP is currently not supported. Training on CPU is not supported. - Activation Checkpointing. This can be controlled using the ``enable_activation_checkpointing`` flag. Activation checkpointing helps reduce the memory footprint since we no longer keep activations in memory and instead recompute them during the backward pass. This is especially helpful for larger batch sizes when you're memory constrained. But these savings in memory come at the cost of training performance. In most cases training can slow-down quite a bit as a result of this activation recomputation. - Activation Offloading. This can be controlled using the ``enable_activation_offloading`` flag. Activation offloading is a technique similar to activations checkpointing that helps reduce the memory footprint to prevent OOMs on CUDA and enable bigger batches. Where activations checkpointing drops the activation in the forward to recompute it later in the backward, activations offloading will drop the activation in the forward to the CPU and bring it back during the backward pass. As always, there is a tradeoff--these savings in memory can come at the cost of training performance and CPU resources. To recover some runtime cost, we've added an option to enable offloading on a different stream to permit overlapping with the computation. This option is currently only available on PyTorch 2.5 or later and will be enabled by default if an acceptable torch version is found. Activation offloading can be used in conjunction with activation checkpointing. - Precision. Full fp32 and bf16 training are supported. Precision is controlled using the ``dtype`` flag. When ``dtype=bf16``, all activations, gradients and optimizer states are in bfloat16. In most cases this should halve the memory footprint of full precision (fp32) training, without loss in model quality (will depend on the model, training data and other settings). For GPUs which do not support bfloat16, we fall back to fp32. Mixed precision training and fp16 precision are currently not supported. - Gradient Accumulation. You can simulate larger batch sizes by accumulating gradients. This is controlled using the ``gradient_accumulation_steps`` flag. Total Batch Size = batch_size * number of GPUs * gradient accumulation steps. For example: with batch_size=1, nproc_per_node=2 and gradient_accumulation_steps=32 we get a total batch size of 64. Gradient accumulation is especially useful when you are memory constrained. In this case, accumulating gradients might give you better training speed than enabling activation checkpointing. - Checkpointing. Model weights are checkpointed both at the end of each epoch and at the end of training. Optimizer state and recipe state (seed, total_epochs, number of epochs run etc) are only saved at the end of a given epoch and used in case of resuming training. Resuming training is controlled by the ``resume_from_checkpoint`` flag. Mid-epoch checkpointing is currently not supported. For more details on the checkpointer, please take a look at our checkpointer deepdive (https://pytorch.org/torchtune/main/deep_dives/checkpointer.html). - Logging. Terminal, Disk, WandB and TensorBoard are all supported. - Gradient Clipping. Gradient clipping is supported using the ``clip_grad_norm`` flag. By default, ``clip_grad_norm`` is set to ``None``. If you only want to log the grad norm, you can set ``clip_grad_norm='inf'``. For a full list of example configs for this recipe, run ``tune ls`` on the command line. Each config has example commands for how to kick-off training. Args: cfg (DictConfig): OmegaConf object parsed from yaml file Raises: ValueError: If ``dtype`` is set to fp16. RuntimeError: If ``dtype`` is set to bf16 and the hardware does not support bf16. RuntimeError: If ``left_pad_sequence`` is set as the data collator. RuntimeError: If ``enable_activation_offloading`` is True and device is not CUDA. RuntimeError: If ``enable_activation_offloading`` is True and ``enable_activation_checkpointing`` is False. """ def __init__(self, cfg: DictConfig) -> None: self._device = utils.get_device(device=cfg.device) self._dtype = training.get_dtype(cfg.dtype, device=self._device) if self._dtype == torch.float16: raise ValueError( "full fp16 training is not supported with this recipe. Please use bf16 or fp32 instead." ) # logging attributes self._output_dir = cfg.output_dir self._log_every_n_steps = cfg.get("log_every_n_steps", 1) self._log_peak_memory_stats = cfg.get("log_peak_memory_stats", False) if self._log_peak_memory_stats and self._device.type != "cuda": log.info( "log_peak_memory_stats was set to True, however, training does not use cuda. Setting log_peak_memory_stats=False." ) self._log_peak_memory_stats = False # _is_rank_zero is used primarily for logging. In the future, the logger # should directly take care of this _, rank = utils.get_world_size_and_rank() self._is_rank_zero = rank == 0 # Training cfg self._resume_from_checkpoint = cfg.resume_from_checkpoint self._gradient_accumulation_steps = cfg.gradient_accumulation_steps self._optimizer_in_bwd = cfg.get("optimizer_in_bwd", False) self._clip_grad_norm = cfg.get("clip_grad_norm", None) # Optimizer in backward is not compatible with gradient accumulation or gradient clipping if self._optimizer_in_bwd: if self._clip_grad_norm is not None: raise RuntimeError( "Gradient clipping is not supported with optimizer in bwd." "Please set clip_grad_norm=None, or optimizer_in_bwd=False." ) if self._gradient_accumulation_steps > 1: raise RuntimeError( "Gradient accumulation is not supported with optimizer in bwd." "Please set gradient_accumulation_steps=1, or optimizer_in_bwd=False." ) # activation checkpointing/offloading self._enable_activation_checkpointing = cfg.get( "enable_activation_checkpointing", False ) self._enable_activation_offloading = cfg.get( "enable_activation_offloading", False ) if self._enable_activation_offloading: if self._device.type != "cuda": raise RuntimeError( "enable_activation_offloading should only be True when training on CUDA" ) if not self._enable_activation_checkpointing: raise RuntimeError( "enable_activation_offloading should only be True when enable_activation_checkpointing is True" ) elif ( self._enable_activation_checkpointing and cfg.checkpointer.model_type != "LLAMA3_VISION" ): utils.log_rank_zero( log, "Hint: enable_activation_checkpointing is True, but enable_activation_offloading isn't. " "Enabling activation offloading should reduce memory further.", ) # These are public properties which are updated by the checkpoint loader # when ``resume_from_checkpoint`` is `True` or validated in tests self.seed = training.set_seed( seed=cfg.seed, debug_mode=cfg.get("cudnn_deterministic_mode", None) ) self.epochs_run = 0 self.total_epochs = cfg.epochs self.max_steps_per_epoch = cfg.max_steps_per_epoch self.global_step = 0 # Early Exit Properties cfg_early_exit_loss = cfg.get("early_exit_loss", None) if cfg_early_exit_loss: self._do_early_exit_loss = True self._early_exit_loss_scale = cfg_early_exit_loss.get("scale", 1.0) self._early_exit_loss_scale_type = _get_component_from_path( cfg_early_exit_loss.get( "scale_fn", "torchtune.modules.early_exit_loss.sum_l_loss_scale" ) ) else: self._do_early_exit_loss = False self._early_exit_loss_scale = None self._early_exit_loss_scale_type = None def load_checkpoint(self, cfg_checkpointer: DictConfig) -> Dict[str, Any]: """ Extract the checkpoint state from file and validate. If resume_from_checkpoint is True, this also includes the recipe state. """ self._checkpointer = config.instantiate( cfg_checkpointer, resume_from_checkpoint=self._resume_from_checkpoint, ) checkpoint_dict = self._checkpointer.load_checkpoint() if self._resume_from_checkpoint: self._update_recipe_state(checkpoint_dict) return checkpoint_dict def _update_recipe_state(self, ckpt_dict: Dict[str, Any]) -> None: """ Updates the recipe state from checkpoint. """ try: self.epochs_run = ckpt_dict[training.EPOCHS_KEY] # on mismatch, warn the user and prevent the override if self.seed != ckpt_dict[training.SEED_KEY]: warn( message=( "Config value for seed does not match the checkpoint value, " f"using the checkpoint value: {ckpt_dict[training.SEED_KEY]}" ) ) self.seed = ckpt_dict[training.SEED_KEY] if self.max_steps_per_epoch != ckpt_dict[training.MAX_STEPS_KEY]: warn( message=( "Config value for max_steps_per_epoch does not match the checkpoint value, " f"using the checkpoint value: {ckpt_dict[training.MAX_STEPS_KEY]}" ) ) self.max_steps_per_epoch = ckpt_dict[training.MAX_STEPS_KEY] # on mismatch, warn the user but allow the override if self.total_epochs != ckpt_dict[training.TOTAL_EPOCHS_KEY]: warn( message=( "Config value for total_epochs does not match the checkpoint value, " f"using the config value: {self.total_epochs}" ) ) except KeyError as e: raise KeyError( "Checkpoint does not contain the required keys needed for updating recipe state. " "Are you sure you passed in the right recipe checkpoint?" ) from e def setup(self, cfg: DictConfig) -> None: """ Setup the recipe. This includes training state (if resume_from_checkpoint is True), model, tokenizer, loss, optimizer, sampler, and dataloader. """ if self._is_rank_zero: self._metric_logger = config.instantiate(cfg.metric_logger) # log config with parameter override self._metric_logger.log_config(cfg) checkpoint_dict = self.load_checkpoint(cfg_checkpointer=cfg.checkpointer) self._compile = cfg.get("compile", False) self._model = self._setup_model( cfg_model=cfg.model, enable_activation_checkpointing=self._enable_activation_checkpointing, enable_activation_offloading=self._enable_activation_offloading, custom_sharded_layers=cfg.get("custom_sharded_layers", None), fsdp_cpu_offload=cfg.get("fsdp_cpu_offload", False), reshard_after_forward=cfg.get("fsdp_reshard_after_forward", True), model_state_dict=checkpoint_dict[training.MODEL_KEY], ac_mode=cfg.get("ac_mode", None), ac_option=cfg.get("ac_option", None), ) self._tokenizer = config.instantiate(cfg.tokenizer) self._optimizer = self._setup_optimizer( cfg_optimizer=cfg.optimizer, optimizer_in_bwd=self._optimizer_in_bwd, opt_state_dict=( checkpoint_dict[training.OPT_KEY] if self._resume_from_checkpoint else None ), ) # initialize loss self._loss_fn = config.instantiate(cfg.loss) if self._compile: training.compile_loss(self._loss_fn, verbose=self._is_rank_zero) if self._loss_fn.__class__.__name__ == "CEWithChunkedOutputLoss": # set num_output_chunks for model self._model.set_num_output_chunks(self._loss_fn.num_output_chunks) if self._is_rank_zero: log.info("Loss is initialized.") # sampler and dataloader depend on the tokenizer and loss_fn and should be # setup after both of these are initialized collate_name = cfg.get("collate_fn", "torchtune.data.padded_collate_sft") self._sampler, self._dataloader = self._setup_data( cfg_dataset=cfg.dataset, shuffle=cfg.shuffle, batch_size=cfg.batch_size, collate_fn=collate_name, ) # Finally update the recipe state which can only be correctly set after all of the # other components have been initialized and updated. # # Number of training steps in each epoch depends on the number of batches produced # by the dataloader, the max_steps_per_epoch param set by the user and the # gradient_accumulation_steps param. This value is used for logging and tracking # training state. The computation should happen after the dataloader has been setup self._steps_per_epoch = ( len(self._dataloader) // self._gradient_accumulation_steps ) if ( self.max_steps_per_epoch is not None and self.max_steps_per_epoch < self._steps_per_epoch ): self._steps_per_epoch = self.max_steps_per_epoch self.global_step = self.epochs_run * self._steps_per_epoch # Set up profiler, returns DummyProfiler (nullcontext object with no-op `step` method) # if cfg is missing profiler key or if `cfg.profiler.enabled = False` self._profiler = self._setup_profiler(cfg.get(PROFILER_KEY, None)) # Used to ignore labels for loss computation self.ignore_labels_cache = torch.full( (cfg.batch_size, 1), self._loss_fn.ignore_index, device=self._device ) # Setup early exit loss ( self._do_output_hidden_states, self._early_exit_loss_curriculum, ) = self._setup_early_exit_loss(cfg.get("early_exit_loss", None)) # Layer Dropout Setup cfg_layer_dropout = cfg.get("layer_dropout", None) if cfg_layer_dropout: prepare_layer_dropout( self._model.layers, prob_max=cfg_layer_dropout.get("prob", 0.0), prob_layer_scale=cfg_layer_dropout.get("layers_scale", "uniform"), layers_str=cfg_layer_dropout.get("layers", ":"), disable_on_eval=cfg_layer_dropout.get("disable_on_eval", True), ) def _setup_profiler( self, cfg_profiler: Optional[DictConfig] = None ) -> Union[torch.profiler.profile, DummyProfiler]: """ Parses the `profiler` section of top-level `cfg` and sets up profiler Args: cfg_profiler (Optional[DictConfig]): ``profiler`` section of the top-level ``cfg`` (the main config passed to `recipe.main`). Default None. Returns: profiler: Union[torch.profiler.profile, DummyProfiler] - DummyProfiler is a nullcontext with no-op methods for `start`, `stop`, and `step` that can be used in place of `torch.profiler.profile` if profiler is not enabled such that the instrumented training loop does not need to be changed profiling is disabled. The profiler config can be provided in configs under the `profiler` key with the following layout: .. code-block:: yaml profiler: enabled: bool #Output directory of trace artifacts output_dir: str #`torch.profiler.ProfilerActivity` types to trace cpu: bool cuda: bool #Trace options profile_memory: bool with_stack: bool record_shapes: bool with_flops: bool # `torch.profiler.schedule` options: # wait_steps -> wait, warmup_steps -> warmup, active_steps -> active, num_cycles -> repeat wait_steps: int warmup_steps: int active_steps: int num_cycles: int """ # Missing profiler section in config, assume disabled if cfg_profiler is None: cfg_profiler = DictConfig({"enabled": False}) # Check that component is included and set correctly if cfg_profiler.get("_component_", None) is None: cfg_profiler["_component_"] = "torchtune.training.setup_torch_profiler" else: assert ( cfg_profiler.get("_component_") == "torchtune.training.setup_torch_profiler" ), "Only torch profiler supported currently: component must be `torchtune.training.setup_torch_profiler`" profiler, profiler_cfg = config.instantiate(cfg_profiler) if self._is_rank_zero: log.info(f" Profiler config after instantiation: {profiler_cfg}") self.profiler_profile_memory = profiler_cfg.get("profile_memory", False) if profiler_cfg["enabled"]: self.profiler_wait_steps = profiler_cfg["wait_steps"] self.profiler_warmup_steps = profiler_cfg["warmup_steps"] self.profiler_active_steps = profiler_cfg["active_steps"] return profiler def _setup_model( self, cfg_model: DictConfig, enable_activation_checkpointing: bool, enable_activation_offloading: bool, fsdp_cpu_offload: bool, reshard_after_forward: bool, model_state_dict: Dict[str, Any], custom_sharded_layers: Optional[List[str]] = None, ac_mode: Optional[str] = None, ac_option: Optional[int] = None, ) -> nn.Module: """ Model initialization has some important considerations: a. To minimize GPU peak memory, we initialize the model on meta device with the right dtype b. All ranks calls ``load_state_dict`` without peaking CPU RAMs since full state dicts are loaded with ``torch.load(mmap=True)`` """ if self._is_rank_zero: log.info( "FSDP is enabled. Instantiating model and loading checkpoint on Rank 0 ..." ) init_start = time.perf_counter() with training.set_default_dtype(self._dtype), torch.device("meta"): model = config.instantiate(cfg_model) if self._compile: training.compile_model(model, verbose=self._is_rank_zero) # We currently have two versions of activation checkpointing in this recipe # for testing and BC purposes. ``enable_activation_checkpointing`` controls # the older version of AC and this behavior is unchanged # ac_mode and ac_option together control selective AC. This is only enabled # when these are set AND ``enable_activation_checkpointing`` is set to False # We'll clean this up as soon as testing of AC is complete if (not enable_activation_checkpointing) and (ac_mode is not None): apply_selective_activation_checkpointing( model, ac_mode, ac_option, ) # original activation checkpointing (full) - flip the condition above if enable_activation_checkpointing and ac_mode is None: training.set_activation_checkpointing( model, auto_wrap_policy={modules.TransformerSelfAttentionLayer} ) # For FSDP sharding fsdp_shard_conditions = [ partial( training.get_shard_conditions, names_to_match=custom_sharded_layers, ) ] training.shard_model( model=model, shard_conditions=fsdp_shard_conditions, cpu_offload=fsdp_cpu_offload, reshard_after_forward=reshard_after_forward, ) with training.set_default_dtype(self._dtype), self._device: for m in model.modules(): # RoPE is not covered in state dict if hasattr(m, "rope_init"): m.rope_init() # This method will convert the full model state dict into a sharded state # dict and load into the model training.load_from_full_model_state_dict( model, model_state_dict, self._device, strict=True, cpu_offload=fsdp_cpu_offload, ) # activation offloading self.activations_handling_ctx = training.get_act_offloading_ctx_manager( model, enable_activation_offloading ) # Ensure no params and buffers are on meta device training.validate_no_params_on_meta_device(model) if self._is_rank_zero: log.info( f"Instantiating model and loading checkpoint took {time.perf_counter() - init_start:.2f} secs" ) memory_stats = training.get_memory_stats(device=self._device) training.log_memory_stats(memory_stats) # synchronize before training begins torch.distributed.barrier() return model def _setup_optimizer( self, cfg_optimizer: DictConfig, optimizer_in_bwd: bool = False, opt_state_dict: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None, ) -> Optional[Optimizer]: if optimizer_in_bwd: # Maintain a dict of optims for every parameter. optim_dict = { param: config.instantiate(cfg_optimizer, [param]) for param in self._model.parameters() } # Register optimizer step hooks on the model to run optimizer in backward. training.register_optim_in_bwd_hooks( model=self._model, optim_dict=optim_dict ) # Create a wrapper for checkpoint save/load of optimizer states when running in backward. self._optim_ckpt_wrapper = training.create_optim_in_bwd_wrapper( model=self._model, optim_dict=optim_dict ) # Load optimizer states for each param. If optimizer states are being restored in an optimizer in # backward run, these need to have been saved with the same setting. Cannot restore from runs that # did not use optimizer in backward. if opt_state_dict is not None: for param in opt_state_dict.keys(): try: training.load_from_full_optimizer_state_dict( self._optim_ckpt_wrapper.optim_map[param], opt_state_dict[param], self._device, ) except BaseException as e: raise RuntimeError( "Failed loading in-backward optimizer checkpoints." "Please make sure run being restored from was using in-backward optimizer." ) from e if self._is_rank_zero: log.info("In-backward optimizers are set up.") return None else: optimizer = config.instantiate(cfg_optimizer, self._model.parameters()) if opt_state_dict: training.load_from_full_optimizer_state_dict( optimizer, opt_state_dict, self._device, ) if self._is_rank_zero: log.info("Optimizer is initialized.") return optimizer def _setup_data( self, cfg_dataset: DictConfig, shuffle: bool, batch_size: int, collate_fn: str, ) -> Tuple[DistributedSampler, DataLoader]: """ All data related setup happens here. Currently this recipe only supports the DistributedSamplers with Map-style Datasets which fit into memory. Other samplers, iterable datasets and streaming datasets are not supported. """ world_size, rank = utils.get_world_size_and_rank() if isinstance(cfg_dataset, ListConfig): datasets = [ config.instantiate(single_cfg_dataset, self._tokenizer) for single_cfg_dataset in cfg_dataset ] ds = ConcatDataset(datasets=datasets) packed = getattr(ds, "packed", False) else: ds = config.instantiate(cfg_dataset, self._tokenizer) packed = cfg_dataset.get("packed", False) # Instantiate collate_fn if "left_pad_sequence" in collate_fn: raise RuntimeError("left_pad_sequence collator is only for inference.") collate_fn = _get_component_from_path(collate_fn) sampler = DistributedSampler( ds, num_replicas=world_size, rank=rank, shuffle=shuffle, seed=0 ) dataloader = DataLoader( dataset=ds, batch_size=batch_size, sampler=sampler, # dropping last avoids shape issues with compile + flex attention drop_last=True, collate_fn=( partial( collate_fn, padding_idx=self._tokenizer.pad_id, ignore_idx=self._loss_fn.ignore_index, ) if not packed else padded_collate_packed ), ) if self._is_rank_zero: log.info("Dataset and Sampler are initialized.") return sampler, dataloader def _setup_early_exit_loss( self, cfg_early_exit_loss: DictConfig, ) -> Tuple[List[bool], EarlyExitCurriculum]: """ All early exit loss related setup happens here. """ do_output_hidden_states = None early_exit_loss_curriculum = None if cfg_early_exit_loss: assert ( hasattr(self._loss_fn, "reduction") and self._loss_fn.reduction == "mean" ), "Currently early exit loss is only implemented for loss functions that apply a mean reduction." do_output_hidden_states = slice_str_to_array( cfg_early_exit_loss.get("layers", ":"), len(self._model.layers) ) train_last_layer = cfg_early_exit_loss.get("include_last_layer", True) verbose = cfg_early_exit_loss.get("verbose", False) early_exit_loss_curriculum = cfg_early_exit_loss.get("curriculum", None) if early_exit_loss_curriculum: early_exit_loss_curriculum = _get_component_from_path( early_exit_loss_curriculum )( do_output_hidden_states=do_output_hidden_states, max_steps=self.total_epochs * self._steps_per_epoch, train_last_layer=train_last_layer, last_step=self.global_step, verbose=verbose, ) do_output_hidden_states = early_exit_loss_curriculum.get() else: if train_last_layer: do_output_hidden_states[len(self._model.layers) - 1] = True return do_output_hidden_states, early_exit_loss_curriculum def save_checkpoint( self, epoch: int, ) -> None: """ Checkpoint the state of the recipe. The constructed checkpoint state dict contains the following information: - Model weights with key training.MODEL_KEY - Relevant recipe state if training is not complete Checkpointer will save the model weights and recipe state in different checkpoint files. To correctly resume training from an intermediate checkpoint, the model weights and recipe state must be provided. """ # final dict passed onto the checkpointer checkpoint_dict = {} intermediate_checkpoint = epoch + 1 < self.total_epochs if self._is_rank_zero: log.info( "Saving checkpoint. This may take some time. Retrieving full model state dict..." ) start = time.perf_counter() # To prevent GPU memory from spiking during checkpoint save, # we consolidate the full model and optim state dicts on CPU for rank 0 cpu_state_dict = training.gather_cpu_state_dict( self._model, self._is_rank_zero, device=self._device, ) if self._is_rank_zero: log.info( f"Getting full model state dict took {time.perf_counter() - start:.2f} secs" ) if intermediate_checkpoint: start = time.perf_counter() if self._is_rank_zero: log.info("Getting optimizer state dict...") if not self._optimizer_in_bwd: opt_state_dict = training.get_full_optimizer_state_dict( self._model, self._optimizer, self._is_rank_zero, device=self._device, ) else: opt_state_dict = {} for param, opt in self._optim_ckpt_wrapper.optim_map.items(): opt_state_dict[param] = training.get_full_optimizer_state_dict( self._model, opt, self._is_rank_zero, device=self._device ) if self._is_rank_zero: log.info( f"Getting optimizer state dict took {time.perf_counter() - start:.2f} secs" ) else: opt_state_dict = None # Now that we have the model and opt state dict, create the actual checkpoint dict # to be sent to the checkpointer and ultimately written to file if self._is_rank_zero: start = time.perf_counter() checkpoint_dict.update({training.MODEL_KEY: cpu_state_dict}) # if training is in-progress, checkpoint the optimizer state and recipe state # as well. if intermediate_checkpoint: checkpoint_dict.update( { training.OPT_KEY: opt_state_dict, training.SEED_KEY: self.seed, training.EPOCHS_KEY: self.epochs_run, training.TOTAL_EPOCHS_KEY: self.total_epochs, training.MAX_STEPS_KEY: self.max_steps_per_epoch, } ) self._checkpointer.save_checkpoint( checkpoint_dict, epoch=epoch, intermediate_checkpoint=intermediate_checkpoint, ) log.info(f"Saving checkpoint took {time.perf_counter() - start:.2f} secs") torch.distributed.barrier() def train(self) -> None: """ The core training loop. """ # clean up before training begins training.cleanup_before_training() world_size, rank = utils.get_world_size_and_rank() # zero out the gradients before starting training if not self._optimizer_in_bwd: self._optimizer.zero_grad() else: for opt in self._optim_ckpt_wrapper.optim_map.values(): opt.zero_grad() # Initialize tokens count and running loss (for grad accumulation) t0 = time.perf_counter() running_loss = 0 num_tokens = 0 # Initialize output hidden states if self._do_output_hidden_states is not None: self._model.output_hidden_states = [ i for i in range(len(self._do_output_hidden_states)) if self._do_output_hidden_states[i] ] self._profiler.start() # self.epochs_run should be non-zero when we're resuming from a checkpoint for curr_epoch in range(self.epochs_run, self.total_epochs): # Update the sampler to ensure data is correctly shuffled across epochs # in case shuffle is True self._sampler.set_epoch(curr_epoch) pbar = tqdm(total=self._steps_per_epoch, disable=not (rank == 0)) for idx, batch in enumerate(self._dataloader): if ( self.max_steps_per_epoch is not None and (idx // self._gradient_accumulation_steps) == self.max_steps_per_epoch ): break # Start tracking CUDA memory for active steps for just the first epoch if ( self._is_rank_zero and curr_epoch == 0 and self.profiler_profile_memory and idx == self.profiler_wait_steps + self.profiler_warmup_steps and self._device.type == "cuda" ): torch.cuda.memory._record_memory_history() utils.batch_to_device(batch, self._device) # Calculate the number of unmasked tokens in the current batch # and increment the total number of tokens seen in the step current_num_tokens = ( batch["labels"] != self._loss_fn.ignore_index ).sum() num_tokens += current_num_tokens # Shape [b, s], needed for the loss not the model labels = batch.pop("labels") with self.activations_handling_ctx: outputs = self._model(**batch) if self._model.output_hidden_states: logits = outputs.pop(-1) hidden_states = { i: h for i, h in zip(self._model.output_hidden_states, outputs) } else: logits = outputs # Shift labels to compute loss # equivalent to doing labels[..., 1:] and logits[..., :-1, :] # But this way we dont need to slice the logits. We just add an ignore index to labels. labels = torch.hstack( (labels[..., 1:], self.ignore_labels_cache[: labels.shape[0]]) ) if not isinstance(logits, list): labels = labels.reshape(-1) logits = logits.reshape(-1, logits.size(-1)) # Compute loss # Loss is normalized by default so we multiply by the number of tokens # This way we can normalize by the total number of tokens if we're accumulating gradients if self._model.output_hidden_states: current_loss = ( early_exit_loss( self._model, hidden_states, labels, self._loss_fn, self._early_exit_loss_scale, self._early_exit_loss_scale_type, ) * current_num_tokens ) else: current_loss = self._loss_fn(logits, labels) * current_num_tokens # free logits otherwise it peaks backward memory del logits running_loss += current_loss # For optimizer in backward, we need to normalize before calling backward # This case and gradient accumulation are mutually exclusive if self._optimizer_in_bwd: torch.distributed.all_reduce(num_tokens) torch.distributed.all_reduce(running_loss) current_loss = current_loss / num_tokens current_loss.backward() # Step with optimizer if (idx + 1) % self._gradient_accumulation_steps == 0: if not self._optimizer_in_bwd: # Get total number of tokens across all ranks to normalize gradients torch.distributed.all_reduce(num_tokens) # This will ensure that the logged loss matches what we're optimizing torch.distributed.all_reduce(running_loss) # Manually scale the gradients from unnormalized loss by total # of tokens training.scale_grads(self._model, 1 / num_tokens) if self._clip_grad_norm is not None: grad_norm = torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_( self._model.parameters(), max_norm=float(self._clip_grad_norm), ).full_tensor() self._optimizer.step() self._optimizer.zero_grad(set_to_none=True) # Update the number of steps when the weights are updated self.global_step += 1 loss_to_log = running_loss.item() / num_tokens pbar.update(1) pbar.set_description( f"{curr_epoch + 1}|{self.global_step}|Loss: {loss_to_log}" ) # Log per-step metrics if ( self.global_step % self._log_every_n_steps == 0 and self._is_rank_zero ): time_per_step = time.perf_counter() - t0 log_dict = { "loss": loss_to_log, "lr": get_lr( ( self._optimizer if not self._optimizer_in_bwd else self._optim_ckpt_wrapper ), ), "tokens_per_second_per_gpu": num_tokens / (time_per_step * world_size), } if self._log_peak_memory_stats: log_dict.update( training.get_memory_stats(device=self._device) ) if self._clip_grad_norm is not None: log_dict.update({"grad_norm": grad_norm}) self._metric_logger.log_dict( log_dict, step=self.global_step, ) # Reset running stats for the next step running_loss = 0 num_tokens = 0 t0 = time.perf_counter() # Update Early Exit Layers/Scales if self._early_exit_loss_curriculum: self._early_exit_loss_curriculum.step() self._do_output_hidden_states = ( self._early_exit_loss_curriculum.get() ) self._model.output_hidden_states = [ i for i in range(len(self._do_output_hidden_states)) if self._do_output_hidden_states[i] ] # Stop tracking CUDA memory now that active steps are complete if ( self._is_rank_zero and curr_epoch == 0 and self.profiler_profile_memory and idx == self.profiler_wait_steps + self.profiler_warmup_steps + self.profiler_active_steps and self._device.type == "cuda" ): torch.cuda.memory._record_memory_history(enabled=None) # Step profiler # Note that this is called within gradient accumulation block, hence # will include multiple forward / backward passes if gradient accumulation > 1 self._profiler.step() self.epochs_run += 1 self.save_checkpoint(epoch=curr_epoch) self._profiler.stop() def cleanup(self) -> None: if self._is_rank_zero: self._metric_logger.close() destroy_process_group() @config.parse def recipe_main(cfg: DictConfig) -> None: """ Entry point for the recipe. Configurable parameters are read in the following order: - Parameters specified in config (see available configs through ``tune ls``) - Overwritten by arguments from the command-line """ if not training.is_distributed(): raise RuntimeError( "Distributed finetune recipe should be run via a distributed launcher." "If using tune CLI, please specify --nnodes 1 and --nproc_per_node [num_gpus]" ) init_process_group(backend="gloo" if cfg.device == "cpu" else "nccl") if cfg.get("fsdp_cpu_offload", False): # Utilize all available CPU cores for intra-op parallelism. This provides ~2x # speed up when benchmarking fused AdamW on CPU training.set_torch_num_threads() config.log_config(recipe_name="EarlyExitFinetuneRecipeDistributed", cfg=cfg) recipe = EarlyExitFinetuneRecipeDistributed(cfg=cfg) recipe.setup(cfg=cfg) recipe.train() recipe.cleanup() if __name__ == "__main__": sys.exit(recipe_main())